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Background: Music therapy and music-based interventions are increasingly recognized within neurorehabilitation research and clinical practice, particularly during subacute and chronic phases of recovery. Evidence shows that music perception and production engage widespread neural networks that promote neuroplasticity and support the recovery of motor, cognitive, and language functions. Despite the importance of early rehabilitation for restoring core functions, music-based interventions remain underrepresented in acute neurological care.

Objectives/Methods: Drawing on recent empirical findings and clinical experience, we discuss the potential beneficial effects of music perception and music production for neurological patients in the acute and early subacute phases of recovery.

Results: We propose a clinically applicable symptom-based framework for music-based interventions in acute neurorehabilitation.

Conclusion: Music offers a noninvasive, cost-effective complementary tool that supports functional recovery and socio-affective well-being in neurological patients. Integrating music therapy into acute neurological care holds significant potential to strengthen multidisciplinary rehabilitation practices, improve clinical outcomes, and enhance patients’ quality of life.