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    <Identifier>25dkg31</Identifier>
    <IdentifierDoi>10.3205/25dkg31</IdentifierDoi>
    <IdentifierUrn>urn:nbn:de:0183-25dkg319</IdentifierUrn>
    <ArticleType>Meeting Abstract</ArticleType>
    <TitleGroup>
      <Title language="en">The Carbon Footprint of a TVT Operation in the Netherlands and Germany: a Life Cycle Assessment</Title>
    </TitleGroup>
    <CreatorList>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Stoter</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Stoter</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Lisa</Firstname>
          <Initials>L</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Oegema</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Oegema</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Karin</Firstname>
          <Initials>K</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="yes">author</Creatorrole>
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      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Weyers</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Weyers</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Celina</Firstname>
          <Initials>C</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Evangelisches Krankenhaus Wesel, Wesel, Germany</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Uhl</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Uhl</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Bernhard</Firstname>
          <Initials>B</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Evangelisches Krankenhaus Wesel, Wesel, Germany</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Kooistra</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Kooistra</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Emma</Firstname>
          <Initials>E</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Kluivers</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Kluivers</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Kirsten</Firstname>
          <Initials>K</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
      <Creator>
        <PersonNames>
          <Lastname>Stobernack</Lastname>
          <LastnameHeading>Stobernack</LastnameHeading>
          <Firstname>Tim</Firstname>
          <Initials>T</Initials>
        </PersonNames>
        <Address>
          <Affiliation>Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands</Affiliation>
        </Address>
        <Creatorrole corresponding="no" presenting="no">author</Creatorrole>
      </Creator>
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    <PublisherList>
      <Publisher>
        <Corporation>
          <Corporatename>German Medical Science GMS Publishing House</Corporatename>
        </Corporation>
        <Address>D&#252;sseldorf</Address>
      </Publisher>
    </PublisherList>
    <SubjectGroup>
      <SubjectheadingDDB>610</SubjectheadingDDB>
    </SubjectGroup>
    <DatePublishedList>
      <DatePublished>20251111</DatePublished>
    </DatePublishedList>
    <Language>engl</Language>
    <License license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
      <AltText language="en">This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</AltText>
      <AltText language="de">Dieser Artikel ist ein Open-Access-Artikel und steht unter den Lizenzbedingungen der Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (Namensnennung).</AltText>
    </License>
    <SourceGroup>
      <Meeting>
        <MeetingId>M0612</MeetingId>
        <MeetingSequence>31</MeetingSequence>
        <MeetingCorporation>Deutsche Kontinenz Gesellschaft e.V.</MeetingCorporation>
        <MeetingName>36. Kongress der Deutschen Kontinenz Gesellschaft</MeetingName>
        <MeetingTitle></MeetingTitle>
        <MeetingSession>Sitzung 14: Hot Topics und Updates</MeetingSession>
        <MeetingCity>Bielefeld</MeetingCity>
        <MeetingDate>
          <DateFrom>20251114</DateFrom>
          <DateTo>20251115</DateTo>
        </MeetingDate>
      </Meeting>
    </SourceGroup>
    <ArticleNo>31</ArticleNo>
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      <MainHeadline>Text</MainHeadline><Pgraph><Mark1>Introduction: </Mark1>Healthcare systems strive to protect public health. Yet, they are significant contributors to carbon emissions and waste <TextLink reference="1"></TextLink>. While medical specialists are motivated to make their work more sustainable, they lack evidence on how to achieve this <TextLink reference="2"></TextLink>, <TextLink reference="3"></TextLink>. This study aims to assess the environmental impact of a TVT operation, to compare CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hotspots internationally and to identify mitigation strategies.</Pgraph><Pgraph><Mark1>Methods: </Mark1>An observational life cycle assessment (LCA)  was carried out in one Dutch and one German hospital. The primary outcome was the mean carbon footprint per TVT operation, measured in kilogram CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> equivalent (kg CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>e). Secondary outcomes included identifying CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hotspots for mitigation strategies in both countries. The LCA was performed according to ISO14040 guidelines and ReCiPe 2016 methodology.</Pgraph><Pgraph><Mark1>Results: </Mark1>Two TVT operations were analysed per hospital. The mean carbon footprint per procedure was 67 kg CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> eq. and 42 Kg CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> eq. in the Netherlands and Germany respectively. The average operating time was 69 minutes in the Netherlands and 60 minutes in Germany. Disposables were the primary hotspot in both countries, contributing 37&#37; and 44&#37;, respectively. Additional key contributors in the Netherlands were patient transport (27&#37;) and sterilization of surgical instruments (13&#37;), while in Germany, sterilization of instruments (15&#37;) and electricity usage (14&#37;) played a significant role.</Pgraph><Pgraph><Mark1>Conclusion: </Mark1>The carbon footprint of a TVT operation differs between countries, with a higher impact in the Netherlands. Country specific hotspots were patient transport in the Netherlands, and energy consumption due to grey energy mix in the German hospital. This knowledge supports targeted mitigation efforts.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
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